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A. Suppliers of electronic components and tools Region Name of shop Address Tel /e-mail/website Sham Shui Po Welfare Electronic Component Ltd. 201 Apliu St. 3182-0888cs@wecl.com.hk www.wecl.com.hk Remarks Site photo HK’s most comprehensive retailer of all kinds of electronic components, notably various IC chip series. Price and availabilities are very reasonable. Dealer of popular brands of …

8. Appendix (1) : Hong Kong major hot spots for purchasing electronic components, tools and raw materials (as of year 2022) Read More »

a. Water as a source of energy by developing a new and economically viable method of O-H bond fission (i)  Hydrogen gas as an ideal energy source 71% of the surface of our planet earth is water. Chemical formula of water is H2O. Electrolysis of water by DC current decomposes it to form hydrogen (H2) and …

7. Postscript: Expected major future Chemistry STEM achievements (internet information plus author’s personal imagination) Read More »

Expt (1): Preparation of 2-chloro-2methylpropane  (i)  Objective To perform a micro-scale preparation of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane (t-butyl chloride) and determine the percentage yield (ii)  Safety All experiments should be carried out in well-ventilated laboratories. Students suffering from chronic respiratory symptoms may trigger asthma if inhaled generated gases. Wear safety spectacles and protective mask. Avoid parts of the …

6. Suggested experiments for Topics (3) to (5) Read More »

Scientific equipment is broadly classified as qualitative or quantitative. Topic 2 listed some standard qualitative and quantitative equipment commonly used in schools. They could be purchased from equipment suppliers. Micro-scale equipment recommended in Topic 3 and 4 are not purchasable, they must be homemade. Advantages in self constructing micro-scale instruments include: (i) maximize feasibility of …

5. Innovative “DMM Display Technique” and micro-scale school chemistry electronic quantitative instruments Read More »

Traditional non-electronic quantitative equipment usually include burette, pipette, measuring cylinder, syringe, stopwatch etc. Quite a number of micro-scale chemistry experimental kits are available commercially. Quantitative parts of these kits usually include plastic micro burette, micro electrolysis device or well plates for chemical reactions. Choice of parts for a specific syllabus is limited. Hence there is …

4. Non-electronic innovative micro-scale quantitative instrument Read More »

General school chemistry instruments like test tube and beaker are used for heating / observing colour of substances /chemical reactions etc. Likewise, distillation apparatus can separate solute or solvent from solutions. All school chemistry instruments are simple and traditional, most of them had hundred years of existence. Traditional equipment can be purchased easily and there …

3.  Traditional and innovative micro-scale school-level general chemistry instruments Read More »

All scientific experiments need instruments. Chemistry instruments are broadly classified as either qualitative or quantitative. General chemistry qualitative instruments like test tube or beaker are used to observe chemical reactions, for heating, or for separating mixtures etc. Simple quantitative instruments like measuring cylinder or burette are used to measure volume of solutions. Advanced qualitative chemistry …

2. School-level qualitative and quantitative chemistry instruments Read More »

A. Suppliers of electronic components and tools Region Name of shop Address Tel /e-mail/website Sham Shui Po Welfare Electronic Component Ltd. 201 Apliu St. 3182-0888cs@wecl.com.hk www.wecl.com.hk Remarks Site photo HK’s most comprehensive retailer of all kinds of electronic components, notably various IC chip series. Price and availabilities are very reasonable. Dealer of popular brands of …

15. Appendix (1) : Hong Kong major hot spots for purchasing electronic components, tools and raw materials (as of year 2022) Read More »

Magnetic stirrer Magnetic stirrer is very helpful when the stirring area is packed with instruments like pH electrodes, conductivity probes etc which makes stirring by glass rod unable to work. Magnetic stirrer is also necessary for chemical reactions which require long period of stirring. A lot of magnetic stirrers are equipped with hot plates (Fig. …

14. Present oneself a souvenir – a mini magnetic stirrer Read More »

(All information of the topic was obtained from the internet) 13.1 Limitation of traditional electronic communication and computation Designs of electronic computation is based on the mathematical treatment of binary Boolean algebra and electronic logical gates, operating with (0 1) binary bit coding programming (software) and decoding devices (hardware). A high voltage of 5V is …

13. An introduction to foreseeable electronic computation vs quantum communication and computation   Read More »